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@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2019:ControlTCP,
AUTHOR="Safiqul Islam and Michael Welzl and Stein Gjessing",
TITLE="How to Control a {TCP:} {Minimally-Invasive} Congestion Management for
Datacenters",
BOOKTITLE="2019 Workshop on Computing, Networking and Communications (CNC) (CNC'19)",
ADDRESS="Honolulu, USA",
DAYS=18,
MONTH=feb,
YEAR=2019,
ABSTRACT="In multi-tenant datacenters, the hardware may be homogeneous but the
traffic often is not. For instance, customers who pay an equal amount of
money can get an unequal share of the bottleneck capacity when they do not
open the same number of TCP connections. To address this problem, several
recent proposals try to manipulate the traffic that TCP sends from the VMs.
VCC and AC/DC are two new mechanisms that let the hypervisor control
traffic by influencing the TCP receiver window (rwnd). This avoids changing
the guest OS, but has limitations (it is not possible to make TCP increase
its rate faster than it normally would). Seawall, on the other hand,
completely rewrites TCP's congestion control, achieving fairness but
requiring significant changes to both the hypervisor and the guest OS.
There seems to be a need for a middle ground: a method to control TCP's
sending rate without requiring a complete redesign of its congestion
control. We introduce a minimally-invasive solution that is flexible enough
to cater for needs ranging from weighted fairness in multi-tenant
datacenters to potentially offering Internet-wide benefits from reduced
inter-flow competition."
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2019:DSCP,
AUTHOR="Michael Welzl and Safiqul Islam and Runa Barik and Stein Gjessing and Ahmed
Mustafa Elmokashfi",
TITLE="Investigating the Delay Impact of the {DiffServ} Code Point {(DSCP)}",
BOOKTITLE="2019 International Conference on Computing, Networking and Communications
(ICNC): Internet Services and Applications (ICNC'19 ISA)",
ADDRESS="Honolulu, USA",
DAYS=18,
MONTH=feb,
YEAR=2019,
ABSTRACT="The DiffServ Code Point (DSCP) field in the IP header allows to specify a
desired per-hop behavior as packets traverse routers. Setting the DSCP
field opportunistically, without prior contractual agreement, has recently
become accepted practice for Internet end hosts. Measurement studies find
that there is reason to hope for a DSCP setting to have an effect on
traffic, and at least configuring this value is not heavily detrimental:
systematic drops of packets due to non-zero DSCP values are rare, and the
value is often left intact along an end-to-end path. What these studies do
not discuss is whether per-hop behaviors truly are honored: what happens to
packets in terms of the delay they experience? In this paper, we make an
attempt to find a first answer to this by mining a dataset of our own
recent large-scale measurement study. Using a deep neural network, we
obtain the importance of the factors which help us understand the delay
impact of the DSCP."
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2018:DSCP,
AUTHOR="Runa Barik and Michael Welzl and Ahmed Mustafa Elmokashfi and Thomas
Dreibholz and Stein Gjessing",
TITLE="Can {WebRTC} {QoS} Work? A {DSCP} Measurement Study",
BOOKTITLE="30th International Teletraffic Congress (ITC 30)",
ADDRESS="Vienna, Austria",
DAYS=2,
MONTH=sep,
YEAR=2018,
ABSTRACT="DiffServ was designed to implement service provider quality of service
(QoS) policies, where ingress and egress routers change the DiffServ Code
Point (DSCP) in the IP header. However, nowadays, applications are
beginning to directly set the DSCP themselves, in the hope that this will
yield a more appropriate service for their respective video, audio and data
streams. WebRTC is a prime example of such an application.

As a first step towards understanding whether ``WebRTC QoS works'', we
measured, for both IPv4 and IPv6, what happens to DSCP values along
Internet paths. Our study is based on end-to-end measurements from 160 IPv4
and 65 IPv6 geographically spread controlled probe clients to 34 IPv4 and
18 IPv6 servers respectively. Clearly, when the DSCP value is changed, the
net result may not be what the application desired. We find that this
happens often, and conclude with recommendations on how to improve WebRTC
and other applications using the DSCP."
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2018:CAR,
AUTHOR="Marcel Marek and Peyman Teymoori and Michael Welzl and Stein Gjessing",
TITLE="{Computer-Aided} Reproducibility",
BOOKTITLE="2018 Workshop on Computing, Networking and Communications (CNC) (CNC'18)",
ADDRESS="Maui, USA",
DAYS=5,
MONTH=mar,
YEAR=2018,
ABSTRACT="Computer networks research has been notoriously bad at reproducibility -- a
key aspect of making research results credible and convincing. This has
been attributed to a lack of incentive for researchers to share the data
underlying scientific results. We conjecture that this can be helped by
reducing the amount of work that is required to make results reproducible.
This paper introduces CAR -- a system for ``Computer-Aided
Reproducibility''. Similar to other forms of ``Computer-Aided-*'', our CAR
tool facilitates the process of sharing the necessary data by partially
automating it."
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2018:CtrlTCP,
AUTHOR="Safiqul Islam and Michael Welzl and Kristian A. Hiorth and David Hayes and
Grenville Armitage and Stein Gjessing",
TITLE="{ctrlTCP:} Reducing Latency through Coupled, Heterogeneous {Multi-Flow}
{TCP} Congestion Control",
BOOKTITLE="2018 IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops (INFOCOM WKSHPS):
GI 2018: 21st IEEE Global Internet Symposium (INFOCOM18 WKSHPS GI'18)",
ADDRESS="Honolulu, USA",
DAYS=15,
MONTH=apr,
YEAR=2018,
ABSTRACT="We present ctrlTCP, a method to combine the congestion controls of multiple
TCP connections. Different from the previous methods such as the Congestion
Manager, ctrlTCP can couple all TCP flows that leave one sender, traverse a
common bottleneck (e.g., a home user's thin uplink) and arrive at different
destinations. Using ns-2 simulations and an implementation in the FreeBSD
kernel, we show that our mechanism reduces queuing delay, packet loss, and
short flow completion times while enabling precise allocation of the share
of the available bandwidth between the connections according to the needs
of the applications."
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2017:fling,
AUTHOR="Runa Barik and Michael Welzl and Ahmed Mustafa Elmokashfi and Stein
Gjessing and Safiqul Islam",
TITLE="fling: A Flexible Ping for Middlebox Measurements",
BOOKTITLE="29th International Teletraffic Congress (ITC 29)",
ADDRESS="Genoa, Italy",
DAYS=3,
MONTH=sep,
YEAR=2017,
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2017:ABE,
AUTHOR="Naeem Khademi and Grenville Armitage and Michael Welzl and Sebastian Zander
and Gorry Fairhurst and David Ros",
TITLE="Alternative Backoff: Achieving Low Latency and High Throughput with {ECN}
and {AQM}",
BOOKTITLE="IFIP Networking 2017 Conference and Workshops (Networking'2017)",
ADDRESS="Stockholm, Sweden",
DAYS=11,
MONTH=jun,
YEAR=2017,
KEYWORDS="ECN; low latency; AQM; TCP; congestion control;",
}

@Article{Welzl:2017:NEAT,
  author = 	 {Khademi, N. and Ros, D. and Welzl, M. and Bozakov, Z. and Brunstrom, A. and Fairhurst, G. and Grinnemo, K.-J. and Hayes, D. and Hurtig, P. and Jones, T. and Mangiante, S. and T\"uxen, M. and Weinrank, F.},
  title = 	 {{NEAT: A Platform- and Protocol-Independent Internet Transport API}},
  journal = 	 commmag,
  year = 	 {2017},
  volume = 	 {},
  number = 	 {},
  pages = 	 {},
  month = 	 feb,
  keyword = {},
  note = 	 {Accepted for publication, to appear},
  entrysubtype = {acceptedjournal}
}

@ARTICLE{Welzl:2017:transportsurvey, 
author={G. Papastergiou and G. Fairhurst and D. Ros and A. Brunstrom and K. J. Grinnemo and P. Hurtig and N. Khademi and M. T�?xen and M. Welzl and D. Damjanovic and S. Mangiante}, 
journal={IEEE Communications Surveys Tutorials}, 
title={De-Ossifying the Internet Transport Layer: A Survey and Future Perspectives}, 
year={2017}, 
volume={19}, 
number={1}, 
pages={619-639}, 
keywords={Internet;application program interfaces;protocols;API;Internet transport layer deossification;application programming interface;application-independent way;end-to-end capability;middlebox traversal;middlebox-proof transport;user-space protocol stack;Electronic mail;Middleboxes;Sockets;Transport protocols;Tutorials;API;Transport protocols;middleboxes;protocol-stack ossification;user-space networking stacks}, 
doi={10.1109/COMST.2016.2626780}, 
ISSN={1553-877X}, 
month={Firstquarter},}

@ARTICLE{Welzl:2016:latencySurvey, 
author={B. Briscoe and A. Brunstrom and A. Petlund and D. Hayes and D. Ros and I. Tsang and S. Gjessing and G. Fairhurst and C. Griwodz and M. Welzl}, 
journal={IEEE Communications Surveys Tutorials}, 
title={Reducing Internet Latency: A Survey of Techniques and Their Merits}, 
year={2016}, 
volume={18}, 
number={3}, 
pages={2149-2196}, 
keywords={Internet;IP networks;network operating systems;protocols;queueing theory;telecommunication network routing;Internet latency reduction;performance bottleneck;Internet protocol networks;throughput maximization;utilization maximization;delay reduction;network structural arrangement;servers placement;suboptimal routes placement;communicating endpoints;round trip time;base propagation delay;transmission paths;queuing delays;overuse inflicting latency;operating system buffering;head-of-line blocking;hardware interaction;Delays;Internet;Servers;Routing;Tutorials;Routing protocols;Data communication;networks;Internet;performance;protocols;algorithms;standards;cross-layer;comparative evaluation;taxonomy;congestion control;latency;queuing delay;bufferbloat}, 
doi={10.1109/COMST.2014.2375213}, 
ISSN={1553-877X}, 
month={thirdquarter},}

@techreport{Welzl:2015:ABETR,
    title = {{Alternative Backoff: Achieving Low Latency and High Throughput with ECN and AQM}},
    author = {Naeem Khademi and Michael Welzl and Grenville Armitage and Chamil Kulatunga and David Ros and Gorry Fairhurst and Stein Gjessing and Sebastian Zander},
    month = {10 July},
    year = {2015},
    number = {150710A},
    address = {Melbourne, Australia},
    url = {http://caia.swin.edu.au/reports/150710A/CAIA-TR-150710A.pdf},
    institution = {Centre for Advanced Internet Architectures, Swinburne University of Technology}
}

@article{Welzl:2015:TailLoss,
 author = {Rajiullah, Mohammad and Hurtig, Per and Brunstrom, Anna and Petlund, Andreas and Welzl, Michael},
 title = {An Evaluation of Tail Loss Recovery Mechanisms for TCP},
 journal = {SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev.},
 issue_date = {January 2015},
 volume = {45},
 number = {1},
 month = jan,
 year = {2015},
 issn = {0146-4833},
 pages = {5--11},
 numpages = {7},
 url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2717646.2717648},
 doi = {10.1145/2717646.2717648},
 acmid = {2717648},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 keywords = {congestion control, latency, packet loss, recovery, tcp},
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2016:LGC, 
author={P. Teymoori and D. Hayes and M. Welzl and S. Gjessing}, 
booktitle={2016 IEEE 41st Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN)}, 
title={Even Lower Latency, Even Better Fairness: Logistic Growth Congestion Control in Datacenters}, 
year={2016}, 
pages={10-18}, 
keywords={computer centres;telecommunication congestion control;telecommunication links;transport protocols;DCTCP;ECN marking;LGC;RTT;congestion controller;convergence characteristics;datacenter fabric;datacenter transport;fairness characteristics;fluid model;link capacity;logistic growth congestion control;performance improvement;round-trip-time;scalability characteristics;stability characteristics;Convergence;Fabrics;Logistics;Mathematical model;Sociology;Stability analysis;Statistics}, 
doi={10.1109/LCN.2016.12}, 
month={Nov},}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2016:ABEfairness, 
author={N. Khademi and M. Welzl and G. Armitage and S. Gjessing}, 
booktitle={2016 IEEE 41st Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN)}, 
title={Improving the Fairness of Alternative Backoff with ECN (ABE)}, 
year={2016}, 
pages={78-86}, 
keywords={telecommunication congestion control;telecommunication network management;transport protocols;ABE-enabled TCP senders;AQM mechanisms;RED;active queue management mechanism;alternative backoff-with-ECN;conventional TCP senders;explicit congestion notification;fairness improvement;latency reduction;sender-side modification;unfair behavior degree;Bandwidth;Delays;Informatics;Internet;Receivers;Standards;Throughput;ABE;AQM;ECN;Fairness;Latency;TCP}, 
doi={10.1109/LCN.2016.19}, 
month={Nov},}

@Inbook{Welzl:2016:feedback,
author="Hayes, David A.
and Teymoori, Peyman
and Welzl, Michael",
editor="Fiems, Dieter
and Paolieri, Marco
and Platis, Agapios N.",
title="Feedback in Recursive Congestion Control",
bookTitle="Computer Performance Engineering: 13th European Workshop, EPEW 2016, Chios, Greece, October 5-7, 2016, Proceedings",
year="2016",
publisher="Springer International Publishing",
address="Cham",
pages="109--125",
isbn="978-3-319-46433-6",
doi="10.1007/978-3-319-46433-6_8",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46433-6_8"
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2016:OpenTCP, 
author={S. Islam and M. Welzl and S. Gjessing and J. You}, 
booktitle={2016 IEEE Advanced Information Management, Communicates, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (IMCEC)}, 
title={OpenTCP: Combining congestion controls of parallel TCP connections}, 
year={2016}, 
pages={194-198}, 
keywords={Internet;telecommunication congestion control;transport protocols;Internet communication;OpenTCP;congestion control;parallel TCP connection;transmission control protocol;transport layer;Delays;Google;IP networks;Packet loss;Ports (Computers);Protocols;OpenTCP;coupled congestion control}, 
doi={10.1109/IMCEC.2016.7867199}, 
month={Oct},}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2016:RINA, 
author={P. Teymoori and M. Welzl and S. Gjessing and E. Grasa and R. Riggio and K. Rausch and D. Siracusa}, 
booktitle={2016 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)}, 
title={Congestion control in the recursive InterNetworking Architecture (RINA)}, 
year={2016}, 
pages={1-7}, 
keywords={internetworking;telecommunication congestion control;telecommunication network routing;RINA;back to basics type approach;congestion control;in-network resource pooling;recursive internetworking architecture;routing;Data models;EPON;IEEE 802.3 Standard;IP networks;Internet;Protocols;Scalability}, 
doi={10.1109/ICC.2016.7510818}, 
month={May},}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2016:LISA, 
author={R. Barik and M. Welzl and S. Ferlin and O. Alay}, 
booktitle={2016 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)}, 
title={LISA: A linked slow-start algorithm for MPTCP}, 
year={2016}, 
pages={1-7}, 
keywords={Internet;telecommunication congestion control;transport protocols;LISA;MPTCP;congestion avoidance;congestion control mechanism;linked slow-start algorithm;multipath TCP;Compounds;Couplings;Internet;Linux;Reliability;Servers;Topology;MPTCP;fairness;initial window;slow-start}, 
doi={10.1109/ICC.2016.7510786}, 
month={May},}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2016:managing, 
author={S. Islam and M. Welzl and D. Hayes and S. Gjessing}, 
booktitle={NOMS 2016 - 2016 IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium}, 
title={Managing real-time media flows through a flow state exchange}, 
year={2016}, 
pages={112-120}, 
keywords={online front-ends;telecommunication congestion control;telecommunication network management;telecommunication standards;FSE;IETF standardization;RTCWeb;WebRTC;congestion controlled flows;flow state exchange;google congestion control;inter-browser communication;network-assisted dynamic adaptation;real-time media flows management;stand-alone management tool;Aggregates;Delays;Media;Receivers;Standards;WebRTC}, 
doi={10.1109/NOMS.2016.7502803}, 
month={April},}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:mptcp-sbd, 
author={S. Ferlin and �. Alay and T. Dreibholz and D. A. Hayes and M. Welzl}, 
booktitle={IEEE INFOCOM 2016 - The 35th Annual IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications}, 
title={Revisiting congestion control for multipath TCP with shared bottleneck detection}, 
year={2016}, 
pages={1-9}, 
keywords={Internet;resource allocation;telecommunication congestion control;telecommunication network reliability;transport protocols;MPTCP-SBD;SBD algorithm;bandwidth aggregation;coupled congestion control;multipath TCP;resource utilization;shared bottleneck detection;transport control protocol;Algorithm design and analysis;Delays;Internet;Linux;Reactive power;Servers;Throughput;Congestion Control;Coupled Congestion Control;MPTCP;Multipath TCP;Shared Bottleneck Detection}, 
doi={10.1109/INFOCOM.2016.7524599}, 
month={April},}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2016:fire, 
author={M. Welzl and S. Gjessing and H. B. Jahre}, 
booktitle={2016 International Conference on Computing, Networking and Communications (ICNC)}, 
title={Fighting fire with fire: Eliminating standing queues with large UDP packet floods}, 
year={2016}, 
pages={1-5}, 
keywords={queueing theory;telecommunication congestion control;telecommunication network management;transport protocols;AQM mechanism;TCP connection;active queue management mechanism;bufferbloat;large-UDP packet floods;network equipment;queue flusher;standing queue elimination;user experience;Delays;Electronic mail;Fires;Informatics;Internet;Monitoring;Throughput}, 
doi={10.1109/ICCNC.2016.7440667}, 
month={Feb},}

@inproceedings{welzl:2014:LCN,
  author    = {David A. Hayes and
               Simone Ferlin and
               Michael Welzl},
  title     = {Practical passive shared bottleneck detection using shape summary
               statistics},
  booktitle = {{IEEE} 39th Conference on Local Computer Networks, {LCN} 2014, Edmonton,
               AB, Canada, 8-11 September, 2014},
  pages     = {150--158},
  year      = {2014},
  crossref  = {DBLP:conf/lcn/2014},
  url       = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/LCN.2014.6925767},
  doi       = {10.1109/LCN.2014.6925767},
  timestamp = {Wed, 10 Dec 2014 18:26:30 +0100},
  biburl    = {http://dblp.uni-trier.de/rec/bib/conf/lcn/HayesFW14},
  bibsource = {dblp computer science bibliography, http://dblp.org}
}

@article{Welzl:2014:CCC:ccr,
 author = {Islam, Safiqul and Welzl, Michael and Gjessing, Stein and Khademi, Naeem},
 title = {Coupled Congestion Control for {RTP} Media},
 journal = {SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev.},
 issue_date = {October 2014},
 volume = {44},
 number = {4},
 month = aug,
 year = {2014},
 issn = {0146-4833},
 pages = {--},
 url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2630088.2630089},
 doi = {10.1145/2630088.2630089},
 acmid = {2630089},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 keywords = {congestion control, fse, rmcat, webrtc},
} 

@inproceedings{Welzl:2014:CCC:capacitysharing,
 author = {Islam, Safiqul and Welzl, Michael and Gjessing, Stein and Khademi, Naeem},
 title = {Coupled Congestion Control for RTP Media},
 booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2014 ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Capacity Sharing Workshop},
 series = {CSWS '14},
 year = {2014},
 isbn = {978-1-4503-2991-0},
 location = {Chicago, Illinois, USA},
 pages = {21--26},
 numpages = {6},
 url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2630088.2630089},
 doi = {10.1145/2630088.2630089},
 acmid = {2630089},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 keywords = {congestion control, fse, rmcat, webrtc},
} 

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2014:AQM,
AUTHOR="Naeem Khademi and David Ros and Michael Welzl",
TITLE="The New {AQM} Kids on the Block: An Experimental Evaluation of {CoDel} and
{PIE}",
BOOKTITLE="Global Internet Symposium 2014 (GI'2014)",
ADDRESS="Toronto, Canada",
PAGES="85-90",
DAYS=27,
MONTH=apr,
YEAR=2014,
KEYWORDS="AQM;TCP;queue;measurement;latency;bufferbloat",
ABSTRACT={Active Queue Management (AQM) design has again come into the spotlight of
network operators, vendors and OS developers. This reflects the growing
concern and sensitivity about the end-to-end latency perceived by today's
Internet users. CoDel and PIE are two AQM mechanisms that have recently
been presented and discussed in the IRTF and the IETF as solutions for
keeping latency low. To the best of our knowledge, they have so far only
been evaluated or compared against each other using default parameter
settings, which naturally presents a rather limited view of their
operational range. We set thus to perform a broader experimental evaluation
using real-world implementations in a wired testbed. We have in addition
compared them with a decade-old variant of RED called Adaptive RED, which
shares with CoDel and PIE the goal of {"}knob-free{"} operation.
Surprisingly, in several instances results were favorable towards Adaptive
RED.}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welz1:2014:LBECommunity,
AUTHOR="Michael Welzl and Stein Gjessing and Naeem Khademi",
TITLE="{Less-than-Best-Effort} Service for Community Wireless Networks: Challenges
at Three Layers",
BOOKTITLE="11th Annual Conference on Wireless On-demand Network Systems and Services
(WONS 2014) (WONS 2014)",
ADDRESS="Obergurgl, Austria",
PAGES="148-153",
DAYS=2,
MONTH=apr,
YEAR=2014,
KEYWORDS="Less-than-Best-Effort, LBE, Community Wireless Networks",
ABSTRACT={Community Wireless Networks can be a way to make {"}Internet access for
everyone{"} possible, by sharing a broadband Internet connection via WLAN.
The underlying idea is to freely provide network access to anybody in the
vicinity of the wireless access point via a Lower-than-Best-Effort (LBE)
service, such that non-paying users interfere as little as possible with
the {"}regular{"} Internet usage. Such a service faces challenges at
various network layers; this paper discusses some of them, focusing on
layers 2, 3 and 4.}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2014:SPDYnetworking2014,
AUTHOR="Yehia Elkhatib and Gareth Tyson and Michael Welzl",
TITLE="Can {SPDY} Really Make the Web Faster?",
BOOKTITLE="IFIP Networking 2014 Conference (Networking 2014)",
ADDRESS="Trondheim, Norway",
DAYS=2,
MONTH=jun,
YEAR=2014,
KEYWORDS="HTTP, SPDY, Web protocols, network performance analysis",
ABSTRACT="HTTP is a successful Internet technology on top of which a lot of the web
resides. However, limitations with its current specification have
encouraged some to look for the next generation of HTTP. In SPDY, Google
has come up with such a proposal that has growing community acceptance,
especially after being adopted by the IETF HTTPbis-WG as the basis for
HTTP/2.0. SPDY has the potential to greatly improve web experience with
little deployment overhead, but we still lack an understanding of its true
potential in different environments. This paper offers a comprehensive
evaluation of SPDY's performance using extensive experiments. We identify
the impact of network characteristics and website infrastructure on SPDY's
potential page loading benefits, finding that these factors are decisive
for an optimal SPDY deployment strategy. Through exploring such key aspects
that affect SPDY, and accordingly HTTP/2.0, we feed into the wider debate
regarding the impact of future protocols."
}

@techreport{Welzl:2013:SPDYtechrep,
	title={The Effect of Network and Infrastructural Variables on SPDY's Performance},
	author={Elkhatib, Yehia and Tyson, Gareth and Welzl, Michael},
	institution={Lancaster University},
	note={SCC-2013-01},
	year={2013},
	month=Jul,
	abstract={HTTP is a successful Internet technology on top of which a lot of the web resides. However, limitations with its current specification, i.e. HTTP/1.1, have encouraged some to look for the next generation of HTTP. In SPDY, Google has come up with such a proposal that has growing community acceptance, especially after being adopted by the IETF HTTPbis-WG as the basis for HTTP/2.0. SPDY has the potential to greatly improve web experience with little deployment overhead. However, we still lack an understanding of its true potential in different environments. This paper seeks to resolve these issues, offering a comprehensive evaluation of SPDY's performance using extensive experiments. We identify the impact of network characteristics and website infrastructure on SPDY's potential page loading benefits, finding that these factors are decisive for SPDY and its optimal deployment strategy. Through this, we feed into the wider debate regarding HTTP/2.0, exploring the key aspects that impact the performance of this future protocol.},
	keywords={spdy,http,http2,network emulation,network performance,network protocols}
}

@ARTICLE{Welzl:2013:LEDBAT, 
author={Ros, David and Welzl, Michael}, 
journal={Communications Letters, IEEE}, 
title={Assessing LEDBAT's Delay Impact}, 
year={2013}, 
volume={17}, 
number={5}, 
pages={1044-1047}, 
keywords={Transport protocols;congestion control;less-than-best effort service;quality of service}, 
doi={10.1109/LCOMM.2013.040213.130137}, 
ISSN={1089-7798},}

@ARTICLE{Welzl:2013:LEDBATsurvey, 
author={Ros, D. and Welzl, M.}, 
journal={Communications Surveys Tutorials, IEEE}, 
title={Less-than-Best-Effort Service: A Survey of End-to-End Approaches}, 
year={2013}, 
volume={15}, 
number={2}, 
pages={898-908}, 
keywords={delays;telecommunication congestion control;transport protocols;automatic backup;bandwidth;congestion control mechanisms;delay impact;end-host approaches;end-to-end approaches;less-than-best-effort service;lower than best-effort service;peer-to-peer applications;software updates;standard TCP;standard transport-layer mechanisms;transport protocols;upper-layer methods;Bandwidth;Delays;Quality of service;Receivers;Telecommunication congestion control;Throughput;Transport protocols;Transport protocols;congestion control;less-than-best effort service;quality of service}, 
doi={10.1109/SURV.2012.060912.00176}, 
ISSN={1553-877X},}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2013:FCH,
author={Ijaz, H. and Saleem, S. and Welzl, M.}, 
booktitle={Parallel, Distributed and Network-Based Processing (PDP), 2013 21st Euromicro International Conference on}, 
title={Fewest Common Hops (FCH): An Improved Peer Selection Approach for P2P Applications}, 
year={2013}, 
pages={449-453}, 
keywords={Internet;optimisation;parallel processing;peer-to-peer computing;telecommunication network routing;FCH;Internet;P2P content distribution applications;P2P systems;client based approach;download time optimization;end user access link;fewest common hops;infrastructure independent heuristic;maximum path disjointness;parallel downloads;peer selection approach;proximity based node selection;underlay aware proposals;Fewest Common Hops;Multiple Downloads;Path Disjointness;Peer Selection}, 
doi={10.1109/PDP.2013.73}, 
ISSN={1066-6192},}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2012:DCCP, 
author={Schier, Michael and Welzl, Michael}, 
booktitle={Network Protocols (ICNP), 2012 20th IEEE International Conference on}, title={Using DCCP: Issues and improvements}, 
year={2012}, 
month={30 2012-nov. 2}, 
volume={}, 
number={}, 
pages={1 -9}, 
keywords={Bit rate;Equations;History;Kernel;Linux;Loss measurement;Vectors;}, 
doi={10.1109/ICNP.2012.6459967}, 
ISSN={},}

@article{Welzl:2012:FGCS,
title = "Combining explicit admission control and congestion control for predictable data transfers in grids",
journal = "Future Generation Computer Systems",
volume = "28",
number = "7",
pages = "1121 - 1132",
year = "2012",
note = "<ce:title>Special section: Quality of Service in Grid and Cloud Computing</ce:title>",
issn = "0167-739X",
doi = "10.1016/j.future.2011.06.012",
url = "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167739X11002111",
author = "Kashif Munir and Michael Welzl and Marcelo Pasin and Pascale Primet Vicat-Blanc",
keywords = "Grid",
keywords = "QoS",
keywords = "TCP",
keywords = "Resource broker",
keywords = "Advance reservation"
}

@ARTICLE{Welzl:2012:selectiveARQ,
author={Schier, M. and Welzl, M.},
journal={Multimedia, IEEE Transactions on},
title={Optimizing Selective ARQ for H.264 Live Streaming: A Novel Method for Predicting Loss-Impact in Real Time},
year={2012},
month={april},
volume={14},
number={2},
pages={415 -430},
keywords={},
doi={10.1109/TMM.2011.2178235},
ISSN={1520-9210},}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2012:TCPMultirate,
AUTHOR="Naeem Khademi and Michael Welzl and Stein Gjessing",
TITLE="Experimental Evaluation of {TCP} Performance in Multi-rate {802.11} {WLANs}",
BOOKTITLE="13th IEEE International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and
Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM) (IEEE WoWMoM 2012)",
ADDRESS="San Francisco, California, USA",
DAYS=25,
MONTH=jun,
YEAR=2012,
ABSTRACT="The goal of Rate Adaptation (RA) mechanisms in 802.11 WLANs is to provide
optimum system throughput under varying channel conditions (e.g. in
presence of noise) by carrying out run-time prediction and selection of the
most appropriate bit-rate. The cross-layer interaction of TCP, as the major
transport protocol in the Internet, with different RA mechanisms and DCF is
yet to be thoroughly investigated. Previously reported efforts A) have
never included real-life measurements of uplink TCP traffic; B) lack a
practical view because they do not consider the RA mechanisms commonly
deployed in today's off-the-shelf 802.11 devices; C) miss the study of RA
mechanisms in low-noise environments. This paper covers all the above
shortages, by conducting real-life measurements in two different test-beds
(NDlab and Emulab) alongside with simulations, to study the performance of
TCP coupled with different commonly deployed RA mechanisms. Our
measurements reveal that 1) most conventional RA mechanisms are unable to
distinguish frame errors due to collisions from channel noise/interference,
and will respond to them negatively to some extent; 2) different than
downlink TCP, uplink TCP can be adversely affected by collision-triggered
rate downshifts that some RA schemes exhibit even under perfect channel
conditions or in low-noise environments; 3) the relatively recent Minstrel
RA mechanism can counter this negative uplink behavior well, yielding
almost equal performance as in the downlink case."
}

@article{Welzl:2012:planning,
 author = {Kashif Munir, Renato Lo Cigno, Pascale Primet Vicat-Blanc, Michael Welzl},
 title = {Planning data transfers in grids: a multi-service queueing approach},
 journal = {Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience},
 volume = {24},
 number = {4},
 year = {2012},
 publisher = {Wiley},
 } 

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2012:splitack,
AUTHOR="Michael Welzl and Rolf Normann",
TITLE="A Client-side {Split-ACK} Tool for {TCP} Slow Start Investigation",
BOOKTITLE="International Conference on Computing, Networking and Communications,
Network Algorithm \& Performance Evaluation Symposium (ICNC'12 - NAPE)",
ADDRESS="Maui, Hawaii, USA",
DAYS=30,
MONTH=jan,
YEAR=2012,
KEYWORDS="TCP, Split ACK, Slow Start, Initial Window, web performance",
ABSTRACT="TCP's Slow Start phase has recently gotten much attention because Google
proposes to use a larger starting point (Initial Window, IW). For their
large-scale measurement study, they have applied a change to their
well-connected web server; how the larger IW would affect other servers, or
hosts that would use it to send data across a low-bandwidth or wireless
connection, is less understood. We present a tool that, by splitting ACKs
into multiple pieces at the beginning of a connection, can be used to trick
a host into sending a larger number of packets than normally intended
within one RTT in Slow Start. Test results indicate that, while many hosts
do not react to our tool, some do -- probably enough to use the tool for
measurements."
}

@misc{rfc6297,
  author="M. Welzl and D. Ros",
  title="{A Survey of Lower-than-Best-Effort Transport Protocols}",
  series="Request for Comments",
  number="6297",
  howpublished="RFC 6297 (Informational)",
  publisher="IETF",
  organization="Internet Engineering Task Force",
  year=2011,
  month=jun,
    url="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc6297.txt",
}

@misc{rfc6077,
  author="D. Papadimitriou and M. Welzl and M. Scharf and B. Briscoe",
  title="{Open Research Issues in Internet Congestion Control}",
  series="Request for Comments",
  number="6077",
  howpublished="RFC 6077 (Informational)",
  publisher="IETF",
  organization="Internet Engineering Task Force",
  year=2011,
  month=feb,
    url="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc6077.txt",
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{Welz:2011:Beneficial,
AUTHOR="Michael Welzl and Florian Niederbacher and Stein Gjessing",
TITLE="Beneficial Transparent Deployment of {SCTP:} the Missing Pieces",
BOOKTITLE="IEEE GLOBECOM 2011 - Next Generation Networking Symposium (GC'11 - NGN)",
ADDRESS="Houston, Texas, USA",
DAYS=5,
MONTH=dec,
YEAR=2011,
KEYWORDS="TCP, SCTP, transport layer",
ABSTRACT="The Internet-wide deployment of new transport protocols such as the Stream
Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) is a difficult matter. While SCTP
could be beneficial in many cases, it is still a major challenge to enable
applications to use the new protocol. We believe that its deployment could
be significantly accelerated by introducing an intermediate step:
transparent usage below TCP, such that TCP-based applications automatically
obtain a benefit. We have implemented a Linux based TCP-SCTP mapping tool
that exploits SCTP's multi-streaming feature, and carried out measurements
which show that such an approach can significantly improve the performance
of TCP applications. However, and perhaps more importantly, we also
encountered difficulties, which lead us to make some concrete
recommendations regarding future research and the implementation and
specification of SCTP itself."
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2011:rateless,
AUTHOR="Michael Schier and Michael Welzl",
TITLE="A {Content-Aware} Rateless Error Protection Scheme for Live Video Streaming
Systems",
BOOKTITLE="12th IEEE International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and
Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM) (IEEE WoWMoM 2011)",
ADDRESS="Lucca, Italy",
DAYS=20,
MONTH=jun,
YEAR=2011,
ABSTRACT="Over the past years, several schemes have been proposed to estimate the
perceptual distortion in video quality caused by packet loss. Some of them
are intuitively designed and do not correlate well with actual distortion
values in most real-world scenarios. Others simulate decoders' error
concealment measures and use the quality degradation of reconstructed
regions as basis for calculating importance estimates. However, such
techniques do not take error propagation in the temporal domain into
account and are computationally expensive especially when estimates cannot
be derived in parallel to the video encoding process. We therefore propose
a novel approach which targets all previously mentioned problems and
inspects dependencies between media units at the level of macroblocks. We
show how our scheme can be applied to live video streaming systems using
rateless codes for error protection and identify pitfalls which have to be
considered. Test results indicate that the proposed unequal error
protection scheme considerably outperforms previous approaches, independent
of the resolution of the test sequences."
}

@ARTICLE{Welzl:2011:multfrcToN,
author={Damjanovic, D. and Welzl, M},
journal={Networking, IEEE/ACM Transactions on}, title={An Extension of the TCP Steady-State Throughput Equation for Parallel Flows and Its Application in MulTFRC},
year={2011},
month={December},
volume={19},
number={6},
pages={1},
keywords={},
doi={10.1109/TNET.2011.2142008},
ISSN={1063-6692},}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2011:Stir,
AUTHOR="Anh Tuan Nguyen and Baochun Li and Michael Welzl and Frank Eliassen",
TITLE="Stir: Spontaneous Social {Peer-to-Peer} Streaming",
BOOKTITLE="14th IEEE Global Internet Symposium 2011 (GI 2011)",
ADDRESS="Shanghai, P.R. China",
DAYS=15,
MONTH=4,
YEAR=2011,
KEYWORDS="P2P Streaming, Social Networking",
ABSTRACT="Dealing with a high churn rate is very challenging in live peer-to-peer
streaming. State-of-the-art studies try to mitigate the problem by
exploiting peer dynamic models, analyzing traces from real world systems,
or using enhanced coding techniques, e.g., network coding. However, the
origin of the problem — the interest of users in the streaming session
— has never been investigated as a solution to the challenge.
Applications of social networking in peer-to-peer systems, especially on
file sharing, have received recent research attention. We believe that a
tight integration between the high level social network of users and the
low level overlay of peers would bring significant benefits in dealing with
high churn rate and providing personalized streaming services. In this
paper, we present Stir, the first attempt towards an integrated social
peer-to-peer streaming system. The key feature of Stir is that social
relationships among users are spontaneously formed in a streaming session,
and can be exploited directly by the underlying streaming protocol. Stir
users, who join the same session, can make friends by means of spontaneous
communication, e.g., instant messaging. Such social network formation
provides a reliable indication to deal with high churn rate. Our
simulations with real social data and peer dynamic traces have demonstrated
the benefits of Stir and shed light on building such a system in practice."
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2011:Uplink,
AUTHOR="Naeem Khademi and Michael Welzl and Renato {Lo Cigno}",
TITLE="On the Uplink Performance of {TCP} in Multi-rate {802.11} {WLANs}",
BOOKTITLE="IFIP/TC6 NETWORKING 2011 (NETWORKING 2011)",
ADDRESS="Valencia, Spain",
DAYS=9,
MONTH=5,
YEAR=2011,
KEYWORDS="TCP;802.11 WLAN;Auto-Rate Fallback",
ABSTRACT="IEEE 802.11 defines several physical layer data rates to provide more
robust communication by falling back to a lower rate in the presence of
high noise levels. The choice of the current rate can be automatized; e.g.,
Auto-Rate Fallback (ARF) is a well-known mechanism in which the sender
adapts its transmission rate in response to link noise using up/down
thresholds. ARF has been criticized for not being able to distinguish MAC
collisions from channel noise. It has however been shown that, In the
absence of noise and in the face of collisions, ARF does not play a
significant role for TCP's downlink performance. The interactions of ARF,
DCF and uplink TCP have not yet been deeply investigated. In this paper, we
demonstrate our findings on the impact of rate fallback caused by
collisions in ARF on the uplink performance of various TCP variants using
simulations."
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2011:TransportAPI,
AUTHOR={Michael Welzl and Stefan {J{\"{o}}rer} and Stein Gjessing},
TITLE="Towards a {Protocol-Independent} Internet Transport {API}",
BOOKTITLE="ICC 2011 Workshop T2, Future Network (ICC'11 Workshop T2 FutureNet IV)",
ADDRESS="Kyoto, Japan",
DAYS=5,
MONTH=6,
YEAR=2011,
KEYWORDS="Transport layer, API, TCP, UDP, SCTP, DCCP, UDP-Lite",
ABSTRACT="The conjoint API of TCP, UDP, UDP-Lite, SCTP and DCCP has a large number of
choices and is quite complex. By requiring an application to specify the
name of the protocol to use, it also constrains the implementation of the
Internet's transport layer. We propose to provide a common API that only
offers the services that application programmers need to see, and we show
how its design could be undertaken, ending up with an API that we believe
is much simpler than the alternatives in use today. We also argue that this
would be a very good way to get new transport protocols widely deployed."
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2011::XCPvsCUBIQ},
AUTHOR="Michael Welzl and Armin Abfalterer and Stein Gjessing",
TITLE="{XCP} vs. {CUBIC} with {Quick-Start:} Observations on Implicit vs. Explicit
Feedback for Congestion Control",
BOOKTITLE="ICC 2011 Next Generation Networking and Internet Symposium (ICC'11 NGNI)",
ADDRESS="Kyoto, Japan",
DAYS=5,
MONTH=6,
YEAR=2011,
KEYWORDS="Transport protocols, Congestion Control, Implicit and Explicit Feedback",
ABSTRACT="Congestion control in transport protocols can be performed implicit when
packets are lost, or explicit with feedback from the network. In this paper
we compare some aspects of implicit and explicit congestion control using a
variant of CUBIC with Quick-Start, called CUBIQ. We compare CUBIQ with
regular TCP, XCP and CUBIC, and find that CUBIQ performs as well as XCP in
most cases, and much better than XCP when XCP is hampered by small buffers
in large BDP-networks. These results indicate that the feedback provided by
Quick-Start may be enough for a sender when it needs to find the right
transmission rate, also in the initial phase of a communication."
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2011:MultimediaUnfriendly,
AUTHOR="Lawrence Stewart and David Hayes and Grenville Armitage and Michael Welzl and Andreas Petlund",
TITLE="Multimedia-unfriendly {TCP} Congestion Control and Home Gateway Queue Management",
BOOKTITLE="ACM Multimedia Systems Conference (MMSys 2011)",
ADDRESS="San Jose, CA, USA",
DAYS=23,
MONTH=2,
YEAR=2011,
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2011:VideoFountainCodes,
AUTHOR="Michael Schier and Michael Welzl",
TITLE="Video Streaming using {Content-Aware} Unequal Error Protection Fountain
Codes",
BOOKTITLE="The 8th Annual IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference -
Work in Progress (Short Papers) (CCNC'2011 - Work in Progress (Short
Papers))",
ADDRESS="Las Vegas, NV, USA",
DAYS=8,
MONTH=1,
YEAR=2011,
KEYWORDS="video streaming, content-awareness, unequal error protection, rateless
codes",
ABSTRACT="We present a novel mechanism for estimating the perceptual importance of
network packets constituting a video stream. We explain how this
information can be used to extend existing rateless coding schemes and
present first results demonstrating the expected increase in perceptual
quality."
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2011:LayeredP2PStreaming,
AUTHOR="Anh Tuan Nguyen and Frank Eliassen and Michael Welzl",
TITLE="Quality-aware Membership Management for Layered {Peer-to-Peer} Streaming",
BOOKTITLE="The 8th Annual IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference -
Content Distribution and Peer-to-Peer Networks (CCNC'2011 Content
Distribution and Peer-to-Peer Networks)",
ADDRESS="Las Vegas, NV, USA",
DAYS=8,
MONTH=1,
YEAR=2011,
KEYWORDS="membership management; layered P2P streaming; overlay construction",
ABSTRACT="With the standardization of SVC, the scalable extension of H.264/AVC,
layered peer-to-peer streaming has attracted more and more attention as it
offers adaptability to network fluctuations and heterogeneous end users.
Although overlay construction is important for system performance, not much
effort has been spent on unstructured overlay construction for layered
peer-to-peer streaming. Related work more concentrates on layered streaming
algorithms, and assumes that a list of peers for data exchange, called
neighbors, is provided by traditional membership management protocols,
e.g., SCAMP. Our previous studies have demonstrated that a random overlay
is not good enough for layered peer-to-peer streaming. In this paper, we
propose a new membership management protocol, based on peer sampling
services, for layered peer-to-peer streaming. The protocol is quality-aware
as it constructs the overlay so that (1) high capacity peers will be
located at good positions in the overlay, e.g., close to the server, and
(2) peers having similar capacity are likely to connect to each other. Both
features are necessary to maximize bandwidth utilization of peers and to
mitigate layer bottlenecks.With implementation of the protocol in PeerSim,
we evaluate important graph properties of the overlay, constructed by the
proposed protocol, to understand how it evolves during the streaming
session with peer churn. Evaluation results show that the overlay is (1)
scalable: it is stable with different sizes, from hundreds up to 10000
peers; and (2) robust: the good features are maintained or recovered fast
under high peer churn rates, and it only becomes disconnected when more
than 86\% of the peers are removed from the network."
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2010:Internet-NoC,
  author = {Muhammad Ali, Michael Welzl},
  title = {Internet Lessons for Designers of Networks on Chips},
  booktitle = {33rd international Conference on Telecommunications and Signal Processing (TSP)},
  year = {2010},
  address = {Baden near Vienna, Austria},
  month = {August},
}

@misc{rfc5783,
  author="M. Welzl and W. Eddy",
  title="{Congestion Control in the RFC Series}",
  series="Request for Comments",
  number="5783",
  howpublished="RFC 5783 (Informational)",
  publisher="IETF",
  organization="Internet Engineering Task Force",
  year=2010,
  month=feb,
    url="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5783.txt",
}

@article{Welzl:2009:NetsforGrid,
 author = {Piero Spinnato, Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet, Chris Edwards, Michael Welzl},
 title = {Special section on networks for grid applications},
 journal = {Future Generation Computer Systems},
 volume = {25},
 number = {8},
 year = {2009},
 month = {April},
 pages = {893--894},
 publisher = {Elsevier},
 }
 
 @INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2009:TopoMapGrid,
  author = {Muhammad Murtaz Yousaf, Javeria Iqbal, Michael Welzl},
  title = {A Network Topology Mapping Tool for the Grid},
  booktitle = {7th ACM International Conference on Frontiers of Information Technology {(FIT)}},
  year = {2009},
  address = {Abbottabad, Pakistan},
  month = {December},
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2009:SelReliabilityDCCP,
  author = {Michael Schier, Michael Welzl},
  title = {Content-Aware Selective Reliability for DCCP Video Streaming},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Information Technology ({MCIT-2010})},
  year = {2010},
  address = {Sharjah, UAE},
  month = {March},
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2009:Replica,
  author = {Zhang Chen, Gao Peng, Liu Tao, Chen Yanming, Michael Welzl},
  title = {A Novel Bulk Data Transfer Mechanism on Partial Replica},
  booktitle = {IEEE International Conference on Communication Technology and Application ({ICCTA 2009})},
  year = {2009},
  address = {Beijing, China},
  month = {October},
}

@article{Welzl:2009:MulTFRC,
 author = {Dragana Damjanovic and Michael Welzl},
 title = {MulTFRC: providing weighted fairness for multimediaapplications (and others too!)},
 journal = {SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev.},
 volume = {39},
 number = {3},
 year = {2009},
 issn = {0146-4833},
 pages = {5--12},
 doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1568613.1568615},
 publisher = {ACM},
 address = {New York, NY, USA},
 }

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2009:Dimensioning,
  author = {Kashif Munir, Pascale Primet, Michael Welzl},
  title = {Grid Network Dimensioning by Modeling the Deadline Constrained Bulk Data Transfers},
  booktitle = {11th IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications ({HPCC-09})},
  year = {2009},
  address = {Seoul, South Korea},
  month = {June},
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2009:SelPacketDiscard,
  author = {Michael Schier, Michael Welzl},
  title = {Selective Packet Discard in Mobile Video Delivery based on Macroblock-Level Distortion Estimation},
  booktitle = {{IEEE} {Infocom} {MoVID} workshop 2009},
  year = {2009},
  address = {Rio de Janeiro, Brazil},
  month = {April},
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2009:syn,
  author = {Dragana Damjanovic, Philipp Gschwandtner, Michael Welzl},
  title = {Why is this Web Page coming up so slow? Investigating the Loss of {SYN} Packets},
  booktitle = {{IFIP/TC6} {NETWORKING} 2009},
  year = {2009},
  address = {Aachen, Germany},
  month = {May},
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2009:Energy,
AUTHOR = "Renato {Lo Cigno} and Matteo Nardelli and Michael Welzl",
TITLE="An {Energy-Savvy,} {Application-Aware} {MAC}",
BOOKTITLE="Sixth Annual Conference on Wireless On demand Network Systems and Services",
ADDRESS="Snowbird, Utah, USA",
DAYS=2,
MONTH=2,
YEAR=2009,
KEYWORDS="Energy Aware Protocols; MAC; WSN",
ABSTRACT="In spite of the huge recent research effort in the field, energy efficiency
remains one of the key issues in non-cellular wireless communications. 
Two specific application areas are the most affected by energy 
inefficiency: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) 
and civilian ad-hoc networking, i.e., services setup on specific demands.

In this paper we propose an entirely distributed MAC protocol, 
which making use of application and routing level information to predict
future transmission instants 
between nodes, is able to achive an exceptional level of energy
conservation. 

The protocol is most suited for low-bit-rate applications, or, more
precisely, for 
applications and networking scenarios where the per-node transmission
channel utilization is very low. We claim that these are the only
conditions under which energy consumption is a concern, because
only under these conditions the energy consumption is not dominated by
transmission and reception of useful data. 

Initial simulations based on realistic WSN scenarios show very encouraging
results, with 
energy consumption level much smaller than state-of-the art proposals like
S-MAC."
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2007:Modtcp,
  author = {Dragana Damjanovic, Michael Welzl, Kashif Munir},
  title = {Modern {TCPs} in the Internet - Survival of the Fittest?},
  booktitle = {{EuroNGI} Workshop on {IP QoS} and Traffic Control},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {161--167},
  address = {Lisbon, Portugal},
  month = {December},
  publisher = {IST PRESS},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/survivalpaper-final.pdf}
}

@TECHREPORT{Welzl:2008:MulPadhye,
  author = {Dragana Damjanovic, Michael Welzl, Miklos Telek, Werner Heiss},
  title = {Extending the TCP Steady-State Throughput Equation for Parallel TCP
	Flows},
  institution = {University of Innsbruck, Institute of Computer Science},
  year = {2008},
  number = {DPS NSG Technical Report 2},
  month = {August},
  owner = {michael},
  timestamp = {2008.09.18}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2007:Equation,
  author = {Dragana Damjanovic, Werner Heiss, Michael Welzl},
  title = {An Extension of the {TCP} Steady-State Throughput Equation for Parallel
	{TCP} Flows},
  booktitle = {{ACM SIGCOMM} 2007},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {Poster},
  address = {Kyoto, Japan},
  month = {August},
  publisher = {{ACM} Press},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/SIGCOMM2007_poster.pdf}
}

@TECHREPORT{Welzl:2005:ggf-survey,
  author = {Eric He, Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet, Michael Welzl, Mathieu Goutelle,
	Yunhong Gu, Sanjay Hegde, Rajikumar Kettimuthu, Jason Leigh, Chaoyue
	Xiong, Muhammad Murtaza Yousaf},
  title = {A Survey of Transport Protocols other than Standard TCP},
  institution = {Global Grid Forum},
  year = {2005},
  number = {GFD 55},
  month = {November},
  owner = {michael},
  timestamp = {2008.09.18}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2007:Linwin,
  author = {Kashif Munir, Michael Welzl, Dragana Damjanovic},
  title = {Linux beats Windows! - or the Worrying Evolution of {TCP} in Common
	Operating Systems},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Workshop on Protocols for Fast Long-Distance
	Networks ({PFLDnet} '07)},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {43--48},
  address = {Marina Del Rey (Los Angeles), California, USA},
  month = {February},
  publisher = {ENS Lyon},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/pfldnet2007.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2007:Netres,
  author = {Kashif Munir, Michael Welzl, Somera Javed},
  title = {Scheduling Network Reservations with a flexible and reliable QoS
	Mechanism in Grids},
  booktitle = {{EuroNGI} Workshop on {IP QoS} and Traffic Control},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {39--46},
  address = {Lisbon, Portugal},
  month = {December},
  publisher = {IST PRESS},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/EuroFGI-QoS-2007.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2007:Qos,
  author = {Kashif Munir, Somera Javed, Michael Welzl, Humaira Ehsan, Tooba Javed},
  title = {An End-to-End {QoS} Mechanism for Grid Bulk Data Transfer for Supporting
	Virtualization},
  booktitle = {{IEEE/IFIP} International Workshop on End-to-end Virtualization and
	Grid Management ({EVGM} 2007), held as part of Manweek 2007},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {73--83},
  address = {San Jose, California, USA},
  month = {October},
  publisher = {Multicon},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/EVGM2007_JEMS-42204_KashifMunir.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2007:Prique,
  author = {Kashif Munir, Somera Javed, Michael Welzl, Malik Muhammad Junaid},
  title = {Using an Event Based Priority Queue for Reliable and Opportunistic
	Scheduling of Bulk Data Transfers in Grid Networks},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th {IEEE} International Multitopic Conference
	({INMIC} 2007)},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {182--187},
  address = {Lahore, Pakistan},
  month = {December},
  publisher = {{IEEE} Computer Society Press},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/Camera-Ready-INMIC-2007-Kashif-Somera-Michael-Junaid.pdf}
}

@TECHREPORT{Welzl:2004:ipoption-part2,
  author = {Mattia Rossi, Michael Welzl},
  title = {On the Impact of IP Option Processing - Part 2},
  institution = {Preprint-Reihe des Fachbereichs Mathematik - Informatik},
  year = {2004},
  number = {26},
  month = {July},
  owner = {michael},
  timestamp = {2008.09.18}
}

@TECHREPORT{Welzl:2004:ipoption-part1,
  author = {Mattia Rossi, Michael Welzl},
  title = {On the Impact of IP Option Processing - Part 1},
  institution = {Preprint-Reihe des Fachbereichs Mathematik - Informatik},
  year = {2003},
  number = {15},
  month = {October},
  owner = {michael},
  timestamp = {2008.09.18}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2001:Globe,
  author = {Max M{\"u}hlh{\"a}user, Michael Welzl, Jan Borchers, Rainer Gutkas},
  title = {{G}lobe{M}usic: The Internet Scale of e{M}usic-Making},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Conference on Web Delivery of Music
	(Wedelmusic)},
  year = {2001},
  pages = {134--141},
  address = {Los Alamitos, CA},
  month = {December},
  publisher = {{IEEE} Computer Society Press},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/GlobeMusic.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2002:Flexqos,
  author = {Michael Welzl, Alfred Cihal, Max M{\"u}hlh{\"a}user},
  title = {An Approach to Flexible {QoS} Routing With Active Networks},
  booktitle = {Proc. 4th {IEEE} Workshop Active Middleware Services},
  year = {2002},
  pages = {75--82},
  address = {Edinburgh, Scotland},
  publisher = {{IEEE} Computer Society},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/ams2002.ps.gz}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2001:Activeqos,
  author = {Michael Welzl, Alfred Cihal, Max M{\"u}hlh{\"a}user},
  title = {Active {QoS} Routing},
  booktitle = {Proceedings Kommunikation in verteilten Systemen ({KiVS} 2001)},
  year = {2001},
  pages = {359--368},
  address = {Hamburg, Germany},
  month = {February},
  publisher = {Springer},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/kivs2001.ps}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2008:Lnmac,
  author = {Michael Welzl, Ayyappan Ravichandran, Marco Tacca, Andrea Fumagalli},
  title = {{LN-MAC}: a Cross-layer Explicit Loss Notification Solution for {TCP}
	over {IEEE} 802.11},
  booktitle = {{IEEE} Globecom 2008},
  year = {2008},
  pages = {1--5},
  address = {New Orleans, USA},
  month = {November},
  publisher = {{IEEE} Computer Society Press}
}

@ARTICLE{Welzl:2008:Htcp,
  author = {Michael Welzl, Grenville Armitage, Lawrence Stewart},
  title = {An independent {H-TCP} implementation under {FreeBSD} 7.0 - description
	and observed behaviour},
  journal = {{ACM SIGCOMM} Computer Communication Review},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {38},
  pages = {1--10},
  number = {3},
  publisher = {Elsevier Computer Communications},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/ccr2008.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2006:Signal,
  author = {Michael Welzl, Kashif Munir},
  title = {We Don't Need No Signaling Plane},
  booktitle = {{IEEE/IFIP} International Workshop on Autonomic Grid Networking and
	Management ({AGNM}'06)},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {Abstract},
  address = {Dublin, Ireland},
  month = {October},
  publisher = {Multicon},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/norchip2005-finland.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2006:Irv,
  author = {Michael Welzl, Muhammad Ali},
  title = {Teaching Routing with {IRV}-Tool},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the {IEEE} International Conference on Interactive
	Computer Aided Learning ({ICL2006})},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {1--12},
  address = {Villach, Austria},
  month = {September},
  publisher = {Kassel University Press},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/icl2006-irv.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2005:gap,
  author = {Michael Welzl, Muhammad Murtaza Yousaf},
  title = {Grid-Specific Network Enhancements: A Research Gap?},
  booktitle = {{IEEE/IFIP} International Workshop on Autonomic Grid Networking and
	Management ({AGNM}'05},
  year = {2005},
  pages = {1--9},
  address = {Barcelona, Spain},
  month = {October},
  publisher = {Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/agnm05_welzl_yousaf.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2005:Prediction,
  author = {Muhammad Murtaza Yousaf, Michael Welzl},
  title = {A Reliable Network Measurement and Prediction Architecture for Grid
	Scheduling},
  booktitle = {{IEEE/IFIP} International Workshop on Autonomic Grid Networking and
	Management ({AGNM}'05},
  year = {2005},
  pages = {1--10},
  address = {Barcelona, Spain},
  month = {October},
  publisher = {Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/agnm05_yousaf_welzl.pdf}
}

@ARTICLE{Welzl:2003:Cavt,
  author = {Michael Welzl, Max M{\"u}hlh{\"a}user},
  title = {{CAVT} - A Congestion Avoidance Visualization Tool},
  journal = {{ACM} Computer Communication Review},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {95--101},
  number = {3},
  month = {July},
  publisher = {{ACM} Press},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/cavt-final.pdf}
}

@ARTICLE{Welzl:2003:Scalqual,
  author = {Michael Welzl, Max M{\"u}hlh{\"a}user},
  title = {Scalability and Quality of Service: A Trade-off?},
  journal = {{IEEE} Communications Magazine},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {41},
  pages = {32--36},
  number = {6},
  month = {June},
  isbn = {0163-6804},
  publisher = {IEEE Communications Society},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/commag-scalability.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2002:Highcong,
  author = {Michael Welzl, Max M{\"u}hlh{\"a}user},
  title = {Scalable High-Speed Congestion Control with Explicit Traffic Signalling},
  booktitle = {Poster-Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Protocols
	For High-Speed Networks ({PfHSN} 2002)},
  year = {2002},
  pages = {(Poster-Proceedings)},
  address = {Berlin, Germany},
  month = {April},
  publisher = {IEEE Communications Society},
  note = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/pfhsn2002-poster-slides.pdf},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/pfhsn2002-paper.ps.gz}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2008:Wlan,
  author = {Michael Welzl, Mattia Rossi, Andrea Fumagalli, Marco Tacca},
  title = {{TCP/IP} over {IEEE} 802.11{b} {WLAN}: the Challenge of Harnessing
	Known-Corrupt Data},
  booktitle = {{IEEE ICC} 2008 (International Conference on Communications)},
  year = {2008},
  pages = {1--5},
  address = {Beijing, China},
  month = {May},
  publisher = {{IEEE} Computer Society Press},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/icc2008.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2007:Mini,
  author = {Michael Welzl, Max M{\"u}hlh{\"a}user, Jan Borchers},
  title = {{MINI} - Making {MIDI} fit for Real-time Musical Interaction over
	the Internet},
  booktitle = {{IEEE} International Workshop on Advances in Multimedia ({AIM}-07),
	co-located with {IEEE ISM}-07},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {(187--192)},
  address = {Taichung, Taiwan},
  month = {December},
  publisher = {{IEEE} Press},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/borchersj-MINI-AIM07-267.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2006:Nsbm,
  author = {Michael Welzl, Muhammad Ali, Sven Hessler},
  title = {Network Simulation By Mouse ({NSBM}): A {GUI} Approach for Teaching
	Computer Networks with the {NS}-2 Simulator},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the {IEEE} International Conference on Interactive
	Computer Aided Learning ({ICL2006})},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {1--8},
  address = {Villach, Austria},
  month = {September},
  publisher = {Kassel University Press},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/icl2006-nsbm.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2006:Wsrf,
  author = {Michael Welzl, Muhammad Murtaza Yousaf, Alex Villazon},
  title = {On the Need for Autonomic Connection Management to Speed up {WSRF}-Enabled
	Web Service},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of 2nd {IEEE/IFIP} International Workshop on Autonomic
	Grid Networking and Management ({AGNM}'06)},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {89--98},
  address = {Dublin, Ireland},
  month = {October},
  publisher = {Multicon},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/AGNM-06_Murtaza.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2006:Fastlow,
  author = {Muhammad Ali, Awais Adnan, Michael Welzl},
  title = {Design of a fast and low-level fault-tolerant protocol for network
	on chips},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the {IEEE} International Joint Conferences on Computer,
	Information, and Systems Sciences, and Engineering ({IEEE CISSE}
	2006)},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {1--4},
  address = {online conference},
  month = {December},
  publisher = {Springer},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/cisse2006.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2006:Ns2noc,
  author = {Muhammad Ali, Michael Welzl, Awais Adnan, Farrukh Nadeem},
  title = {Using the ns-2 network simulator for evaluating network on chips},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd {IEEE} International Conference on Emerging
	Technologies ({IEEE ICET} 2006)},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {506--512},
  address = {Peshawar, Pakistan},
  month = {November},
  publisher = {{IEEE} Computer Society Press},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/icet2006.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2006:Noc,
  author = {Muhammad Ali, Michael Welzl, Martin Zwicknagl},
  title = {Networks on chips: scalable interconnects for future systems on chips},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd {IEEE} International Conference on Circuits
	and Systems for Communications ({ICCSC}�06)},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {1--6},
  address = {Bucharest, Romania},
  month = {July},
  publisher = {{IEEE} Computer Society Press},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/iccsc2006-romania.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2005:Fault,
  author = {Muhammad Ali, Michael Welzl, Martin Zwicknagl, Sybille Hellebrand},
  title = {Considerations for Fault-Tolerant Networks on Chips},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 17th {IEEE} International Conference on Microelectronics
	({ICM}'05)},
  year = {2005},
  pages = {5 pp.},
  address = {Islamabad, Pakistan},
  month = {December},
  publisher = {{IEEE} Computer Society Press},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/fault-tolerant-noc-icm2005.pdf}
}

@ARTICLE{Welzl:2007:Fault,
  author = {Muhammad Ali, Michael Welzl, Sven Hessler},
  title = {A Fault tolerant mechanism for handling Permanent and Transient Failures
	in a Network on Chip},
  journal = {International Journal of High Performance Systems Architecture ({IJHPSA})},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {1},
  pages = {113--123},
  number = {2},
  publisher = {Indersience Publishers},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/ali_inderscience2007.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2007:Permtrans,
  author = {Muhammad Ali, Michael Welzl, Sven Hessler},
  title = {A Fault tolerant mechanism for handling Permanent and Transient Failures
	in a Network on Chip},
  booktitle = {Fourth International Conference on Information Technology: New Generations
	({IEEE ITNG} 2007)},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {1027--1032},
  address = {Las Vegas, Nevada, USA},
  month = {April},
  publisher = {{IEEE} Computer Society Press},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/itng2007.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2005:Dynroute,
  author = {Muhammad Ali, Michael Welzl, Sybille Hellebrand},
  title = {A dynamic routing mechanism for network on chip},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of {IEEE NORCHIP}},
  year = {2005},
  pages = {70-73},
  address = {Oulu, Finland},
  month = {November},
  publisher = {IEEE Circuits and Systems Society},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/norchip2005-finland.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2005:Dynroutepreq,
  author = {Muhammad Ali, Michael Welzl, Sybille Hellebrand},
  title = {Dynamic Routing: A prerequisite for reliable {NoC}s},
  booktitle = {17. Workshop Testmethoden und Zuverl{\"a}ssigkeit von Schaltungen
	und Systemen},
  year = {2005},
  pages = {1--2},
  address = {Innsbruck, Austria},
  month = {March},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Innsbruck},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/fault-tolerant.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2008:Bottleneck,
  author = {Muhammad Murtaza Yousaf, Michael Welzl, B{\"u}lent Yener},
  title = {On the Accurate Identification of Network Paths having a Common Bottleneck},
  booktitle = {{ACM SIGCOMM} 2008},
  year = {2008},
  pages = {Poster},
  address = {Seattle, USA},
  month = {August},
  publisher = {{ACM} Press},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/SIGCOMM2008_poster.pdf}
}

@TECHREPORT{Welzl:2008:SVDtechrep,
  author = {Muhammad Murtaza Yousaf, Michael Welzl, B{\"u}lent Yener},
  title = {Accurate Shared Bottleneck Detection Based on SVD and Outlier Detection},
  institution = {University of Innsbruck, Institute of Computer Science},
  year = {2008},
  number = {DPS NSG Technical Report 1},
  month = {August},
  owner = {michael},
  timestamp = {2008.09.18}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2007:Dynamic,
  author = {Muhammad Murtaza Yousaf, Michael Welzl, Malik Muhammad Junaid},
  title = {Dynamic Admission Control and Advance Network Reservation to Provide
	{QoS} for Grid Bulk Data Transfers},
  booktitle = {{GridNets} 2007},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {1--7},
  address = {Lyon, France},
  month = {October},
  publisher = {{ACM} Press},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/GridNets-2007.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2007:Fog,
  author = {Muhammad Murtaza Yousaf, Michael Welzl, Malik Muhammad Junaid},
  title = {Fog in the Network Weather Service: A Case for Novel Approaches},
  booktitle = {MetroGrid workshop, co-located with {GridNets} 2007},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {1--6},
  address = {Lyon, France},
  month = {October},
  publisher = {{ACM} Press},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/Yousaf_Welzl_Junaid_MetroGrid2007.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2008:soap,
  author = {Ning Wang, Michael Welzl, Liang Zhang},
  title = {A High Performance {SOAP} Engine for Grid Computing},
  booktitle = {{ACM} {GridNets} 2008},
  year = {2008},
  address = {Bejing, China},
  month = {October},
  publisher = {{ACM} Press}
}

@INBOOK{Welzl:2006:Rechnernetze,
  pages = {429--452},
  title = {Rechnernetze},
  publisher = {Hanser},
  year = {2006},
  editor = {Peter Rechenberg, Gustav Pomberger},
  author = {Ralf Steinmetz, Max M{\"u}hlh{\"a}user, Michael Welzl},
  address = {M{\"u}nchen, Germany},
  booktitle = {Informatik Handbuch},
  isbn = {978-3-446-40185-3}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2003:Java,
  author = {Ruth Breu, Sybille Hellebrand, Michael Welzl},
  title = {Experiences from Teaching Software Development in a {J}ava Environment},
  booktitle = {Workshop on Practice and Experience with Java Programming in Education,
	co-located with the {ACS/IEEE} International Conference on Computer
	Systems and Applications},
  year = {2003},
  pages = {478--487},
  address = {Tunis, Tunisia},
  month = {July},
  publisher = {{IEEE} Computer Society Press},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/java-teaching-final.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2006:Bpb,
  author = {Sven Hessler, Jean-Alexander M{\"u}ller, Michael Welzl},
  title = {{BPB}: A method for transparently obtaining network path characteristics
	close to the sender},
  booktitle = {20th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking
	and Applications ({AINA} 2006)},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {547--552},
  address = {Vienna, Austria},
  month = {April},
  publisher = {{IEEE} Computer Society Press},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/aina2006.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2005:Congrep,
  author = {Sven Hessler, Michael Welzl},
  title = {An Empirical Study of the Congestion Response of {R}eal{P}layer,
	{W}indows {M}edia{P}layer and {Q}uicktime},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 10th {IEEE} International Symposium on Computers
	and Communications ({ISCC} 2005)},
  year = {2005},
  address = {La Manga del Mar Menor, Cartagena, Spain},
  month = {June},
  publisher = {{IEEE} Press},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/iscc05.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2002:Rus,
  author = {Florian Unterkircher and Michael Welzl},
  title = {Reliable Unicast Streaming with Multiple Peers in {IP} Networks},
  booktitle = {Web Engineering and Peer-to-Peer Computing: {NETWORKING} 2002},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {2376},
  series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  pages = {252--259},
  address = {Pisa, Italy},
  publisher = {Springer},
  issn = {0302-9743},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/unterkircher_welzl_2002_rev2.pdf}
}

@TECHREPORT{Welzl:2004:ggf-netissues,
  author = {Volker Sander, William Allcock, Pham CongDuc, Jon Crowcroft, Mark
	Gaynor, Doan B. Hoang, Inder Monga, Pradeep Padala, Marco Tana,
	
	Franco Travostino, Pascal Vicat-Blanc Primet, Michael Welzl},
  title = {Networking Issues for Grid Infrastructures},
  institution = {Global Grid Forum},
  year = {2004},
  number = {GFD.37},
  address = {November},
  owner = {michael},
  timestamp = {2008.09.18}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2002:Tcc,
  author = {Michael Welzl},
  title = {Traceable Congestion Control},
  booktitle = {From {QoS} Provisioning to {QoS} Charging: Proceedings of {QoFIS/ICQT}
	2002},
  year = {2002},
  editor = {B. Stiller et al.},
  volume = {2511},
  series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  pages = {273--282},
  address = {Z{\"u}rich, Switzerland},
  month = {October},
  publisher = {Springer},
  issn = {0302-9743},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/icqt02.pdf}
}

@INBOOK{Welzl:2006:Newprotocols,
  pages = {129--138},
  title = {New Internet protocols for multimedia transmission},
  publisher = {Idea Group Inc.},
  year = {2006},
  editor = {Ismail Khalil Ibrahim},
  author = {Michael Welzl},
  month = {May},
  booktitle = {Handbook of Research on Mobile Multimedia},
  isbn = {1-59140-866-0}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2008:ECN,
  author = {Michael Welzl},
  title = {Using the {ECN} Nonce to detect Spurious Loss Events in {TCP}},
  booktitle = {{IEEE} Globecom 2008},
  year = {2008},
  pages = {1--6},
  address = {New Orleans, USA},
  month = {November},
  publisher = {{IEEE} Computer Society Press}
}

@MISC{Welzl:2007:schlank,
  author = {Michael Welzl},
  title = {Protokolle f{\"u}r schlankere Multimedia-{\"U}bertragungen: {UDP-Lite}
	und {DCCP}},
  howpublished = {IT-Administrator, Heinemann \& Howen Verlag {GmbH} (Unterhaching bei M{\"u}nchen)},
  month = {March},
  year = {2007},
  note = {http://www.it-administrator.de, invited paper}
}

@ARTICLE{Welzl:2007:Seamless,
  author = {Michael Welzl},
  title = {Seamless Transport Service Selection by Deploying a Middleware},
  journal = {{EURASIP} J. Appl. Signal Process.},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {30},
  pages = {630--637},
  number = {3},
  publisher = {Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/comcom05.pdf}
}

@MISC{Welzl:2006:aufgebohrt,
  author = {Michael Welzl},
  title = {{TCP} aufgebohrt - {SCTP} als Internet-Transportprotokoll von morgen},
  howpublished = {IT-Administrator, Heinemann \& Howen Verlag {GmbH} (Unterhaching bei M{\"u}nchen)},
  month = {February},
  year = {2006},
  note = {http://www.it-administrator.de, invited paper}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2005:Avoidance,
  author = {Michael Welzl},
  title = {Scalable Router Aided Congestion Avoidance for Bulk Data Transfer
	in High Speed Networks},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Protocols for Fast
	Long-Distance Networks ({PFLDnet} 2005)},
  year = {2005},
  pages = {1--6},
  address = {Lyon, France},
  month = {February},
  publisher = {ENS Lyon},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/pfldnet2005-final.pdf}
}

@ARTICLE{Welzl:2005:Composing,
  author = {Michael Welzl},
  title = {Composing {QoS} from Congestion Control Elements},
  journal = {e\&i "Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik"},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {122},
  pages = {62 pp.},
  number = {1},
  publisher = {Springer},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/e%2Bi-1_2-2005.pdf}
}

@ARTICLE{Welzl:2005:Corrupt,
  author = {Michael Welzl},
  title = {Passing corrupt data across network layers: an overview of recent
	developments and issues},
  journal = {{EURASIP} J. Appl. Signal Process.},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {2005},
  pages = {242--247},
  number = {1},
  address = {New York, NY, United States},
  isbn = {1110-8657},
  publisher = {Hindawi Publishing Corp.},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/eurasip-jasp-2005.pdf}
}

@ARTICLE{Welzl:2005:Eval,
  author = {Michael Welzl},
  title = {User-Centric Evaluation of {TCP}-friendly Congestion Control for
	Real-Time Video Transmission},
  journal = {e\&i "Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik"},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {122},
  pages = {221 pp.},
  number = {6},
  publisher = {Springer},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/e%2Bi-adaptive.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2005:Scalable,
  author = {Michael Welzl},
  title = {Router Aided Congestion Avoidance with Scalable Performance Signaling},
  booktitle = {{KiVS} 2005 (Kommunikation in verteilten Systemen)},
  year = {2005},
  pages = {344--354},
  address = {Kaiserlautern, Germany},
  month = {March},
  publisher = {Springer},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/kivs2005.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2004:Middleware,
  author = {Michael Welzl},
  title = {A Case for Middleware to enable Advanced Internet Services},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Next Generation Network Middleware Workshop ({NGNM}'04)},
  year = {2004},
  address = {Athens, Greece},
  month = {May},
  publisher = {Springer},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/ngnm04.pdf}
}

@ARTICLE{Welzl:2003:Spsca,
  author = {Michael Welzl},
  title = {Scalable Performance Signalling and Congestion Avoidance},
  journal = {{MMB} - Mitteilungen der {GI}-Fachgruppe 3.2.1 Messen, Modellieren
	und Bewertung von Rechnersystemen},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {44},
  pages = {21--28},
  month = {August},
  publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/diss-kurz.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2002:Vector,
  author = {Michael Welzl},
  title = {Vector Representations for the Analysis and Design of Distributed
	Controls},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of {IASTED} International Conference Modelling, Identification
	and Control ({MIC} 2002)},
  year = {2002},
  pages = {637--642},
  address = {Innsbruck, Austria},
  month = {February},
  publisher = {ACTA Press},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/mic2002.pdf}
}

@BOOK{Welzl:2003:Congavoid,
  title = {Scalable Performance Signalling and Congestion Avoidance},
  publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
  year = {2002},
  author = {Michael Welzl},
  address = {Norwell, MA, USA},
  isbn = {1402075707}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2000:Amc,
  author = {Michael Welzl},
  title = {Adaptive Multimedia Communication over Satellite Routed {IP}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICC} 2000 (International Conference on Communications
	- {IEEE} Communications Society)},
  year = {2000},
  pages = {827--830},
  address = {New Orleans, Louisiana, USA},
  month = {June},
  publisher = {IEEE Communications Society},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/icc2000.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2000:Ptp,
  author = {Michael Welzl},
  title = {{PTP}: Better Feedback for Adaptive Distributed Multimedia Applications
	on the Internet},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of {IEEE IPCCC} 2000 (19th International Performance,
	Computing, And Communications Conference)},
  year = {2000},
  pages = {330--336},
  address = {Phoenix, Arizona, USA},
  month = {February},
  publisher = {{IEEE} Computer Society Press},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/ipccc2000.pdf}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Welzl:2000:Stateless,
  author = {Michael Welzl},
  title = {A Stateless {QoS} Signaling Protocol for the Internet},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed
	Systems ({ICPADS}'00)},
  year = {2000},
  pages = {393--397},
  address = {Los Alamitos, CA},
  month = {July},
  publisher = {{IEEE} Computer Society Press},
  isbn = {0-7695-0568-6},
  url = {http://www.welzl.at/research/publications/icpads2000.pdf}
}

@MASTERSTHESIS{Welzl:1998:netmusic,
  author = {Michael Welzl},
  title = {{NetMusic}: Echtzeitf{\"a}hige Konzepte und Systeme f�r den telekooperativen
	Austausch musikalischer Information},
  school = {University of Linz},
  year = {1998},
  address = {Linz, Austria}
}